TORONTO — A deadly crash involving a stretched limousine-style SUV in New York state over the weekend has put a spotlight on safety concerns around the modified vehicles, but industry players maintain they're safe.
On Saturday the limousine, built from a 2001 Ford Excursion, ran a stop sign, crossed three lanes of traffic and hit a parked SUV before stopping in a wooded ditch. Two pedestrians and all 18 people in the limo celebrating a woman's birthday died.
The cause of the crash is being investigated but New York officials have raised concerns about a failed inspection for the vehicle last month.
Potential riders should realize these stretched vehicles aren't made by the major automotive companies, said Russ Rader, senior vice-president of communications at the Virginia-based Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.
"These vehicles are engineered to carry a lot of people, but in cutting them up and stretching them, some of the crash worthiness and safety aspects of the vehicle are taken out."
Side-impact protection, full side airbags, some rollover protection could be lost, while seating modifications could make seatbelts hard to access, said Rader.
"Once a vehicle is modified and stretched like this, it would not meet the same crash-worthiness standards as the stock vehicle."
Manufacturers of the vehicles, however, say they stick with detailed specifications set out by the main automotive brands used in modifications including Ford Motor Co. and Cadillac.
"We just do it one way, the way Ford or GM tells us how to build the car," said Leo Bodenstein, vice-president of the professional vehicles division at Inkas Armored & Professional Vehicle Manufacturing.
"When you convert a vehicle, you're converting it to the equivalent of those specs. You can't exceed them, you can't go over those specs, you can't go under those specs. You have to build it as set by the manufacturer."
Auto rebuilders can apply to be certified as meeting quality standards and specifications that outline requirements such as brake strength, wheelbase length limits, use of fireproof materials, and emergency exits including pop-out windows and an escape hatch in the ceiling.
North York-based Inkas is a member of Ford Motor Co.'s Qualified Vehicle Modifier program and therefore sticks with the regulations, even though customers often ask for flexibility on things like an extra seat.
Bodenstein said there are still some auto shops that might do modifications outside of what's recommended by manufacturers, but Inkas sees significant value in being recognized as a member of Ford's program.
He said it looked like the Ford Excursion involved in the deadly crash in New York could be longer than 356 centimetres (140 inches), which exceeds the manufacturer's specifications.
Ford said in a statement that it does not have any information about the vehicle involved in this accident, but is ready to co-operate with agencies that are investigating.
Hameed Khan at Rolling Luxury in Ottawa, which rents stretched SUVs, said he's never had a customer ask about safety issues but they can see that the vehicle has been given an inspection on behalf of the Ontario Ministry of Transportation.
"When they see the vehicle they would also see the annual sticker, so if the vehicle has that, it means that it's gone through a thorough inspection by the ministry, by someone licensed by the ministry."
He said the company imports vehicles from the U.S., and that all imported vehicles have to be in auto manufacturer programs like Ford's Qualified Vehicle Modifier program.
The City of Toronto also requires that all modified Cadillac and Ford products must be converted in accordance with the manufacturers' certification programs, while other conversions need to be certified by Transport Canada's National Safety Mark.
British Columbia introduced more stringent regulations for the industry in the province in 2015 and now requires each vehicle to be approved by the Passenger Transportation Board for a special licence and has imposed a more extensive application process and operator review.
Rader at the Insurance Institute said that overall, customers need to do some due diligence before getting into such vehicles including a look at how companies train and licenses drivers, that it's transparent on how they're inspected, as well as adhering to basic safety practices.
"Above all it's important for people to recognize that just because you're in a limousine out celebrating and having a good time, the laws of physics are always at work, and you're not getting some magic force field protection. You have to wear your safety belt."
